When we speak, we rarely stop to think about the way our words are structured. But behind the scenes, there’s a complex set of rules that we’ve never been explicitly taught, yet we all internalised from a young age.
Let’s get started with perhaps the most fundamental mathematical object, the set.
In math, we often talk about collections of things. A set is just that: a collection of things.
The elements of a set could be anything: numbers, equations, lines, shapes, fruit or any other thing you can dream up. Let’s be a little more specific and give a more precise definition of a set.
Suppose we have a model that predicts the colour of a ball. We have 5 red balls and 5 blue balls and we ask our model to make a prediction of the colour of each of them. How can we evaluate our model’s success?
One approach would be to count the number of predictions that our model gets right. We count the number of red balls that the model predicts to be red (number of True Positives) and count the number of blue balls that our model predicts to be blue (the number of True Negatives).
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